Dantes General Anthropology Practice Exam

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• Which agricultural practice is characterized by raising livestock in a nomadic manner?
• How does generalized reciprocity differ from balanced reciprocity?
• What are alternatives in cultural practices?
• Which anthropologist focused on the relationship between culture and personality development in Samoa?
• Which term refers to a strong social prohibition against certain actions or beliefs?
• Who was the ruler of Babylon known for his legal code that emphasized discipline and order?
• What is the significance of the term "Quinceanera" in Hispanic culture?
• How do warlike people typically view their relationship with the environment?
• Which term describes a political entity with authority and the ability to enforce laws?
• Which indigenous peoples are classified as the Pueblco, Fremont, and Mississippian?
• Which of the following best describes a Cargo Cult ritual?
• What is the significance of the term "structural relations" in the context of Structuralism?
• What was a significant achievement of Mesopotamia?
• Which marriage form involves one female having multiple male partners?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of hunter-gatherer groups?
• Which ancient civilization is known for the construction of large ziggurats?
• What is the primary aim of cultural resource assessment?
• What is a defining feature of the Neolithic period?
• What type of descent is characterized by lineage through the mother?
• By what year did American farming, specifically corn, beans, and squash, emerge in Mexico and Central America?
• Which of the following describes the concept of endogamy?
• Which of the following South American cultures is best known for its extensive network of roads and architecture?
• What is the primary focus of applied anthropology?
• What term refers to two kinship groups that together form a tribe or society?
• In qualitative research, what type of techniques are primarily used?
• Which of the following groups is NOT listed under Pacific Indians?
• What does Mendel's second principle of genetics state?
• In which region did archaeological fieldwork first gain popularity?
• What are hominids?
• In what ways did the Vietnam War influence cultural symbols in cargo cults?
• Which factor is least likely to contribute to the emergence of war in societies?
• Which river valley was significant for the spread of Asian farming by 3500 BC?
• What describes variations not always observable as phenotypic variations?
• What does allele frequency measure?
• What is a "family of procreation"?
• Which ancient civilization moved directly from the Mesolithic to the Iron Age without a significant Bronze Age?
• Which ritual involves boys in Thailand and their transition into monkhood?
• Which ritual in Japan marks the transition of boys aged 12-16 to adulthood?
• What behavioral pattern is commonly associated with old world monkeys?
• Which of the following terms refers to the economic viewpoint focused on socially embedded economies?
• What does prehistoric archaeology study?
• Which of the following groups is NOT considered a Central American Indian culture?
• What species inhabited much of Europe and the Mediterranean around 200,000-28,000 years ago?
• What does the survival phenomenon signify in cultural analysis?
• What is the primary goal of archaeological fieldwork?
• What is a chromosome?
• What are the three types of excavation mentioned in archaeological practice?
• What is meant by real culture?
• Which period saw the use of refined flake stone tools?
• Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of the concept of zero?
• What concept defines the basic building blocks of culture?
• Which term describes the application of scientific principles specifically to agriculture?
• What is the primary focus of directed cultural change?
• What does electromagnetic prospecting utilize?
• Which domesticated animal originated in Africa during the Neolithic period?
• What unique aspect is associated with the Mayan Indians concerning their social structure?
• Which hominin was discovered by Eugene Dubois in Java, Indonesia in 1891?
• What is defined as a change or alteration in the nitrogenous bases of DNA?
• What role did Emile Durkheim play in the field of anthropology?
• Which anthropologist is recognized for researching the cultural effects on personality in the Pacific Islands?
• What is the primary focus of stratigraphy in archaeology?
• What encompasses all the knowledge and values shared by a society?
• What is the primary focus of semantics in anthropology?
• What type of tools were used during the Intermediate Neolithic period in parts of Africa?
• Which option accurately describes urbanization's impact on kinship?
• Which of the following would NOT be classified as a universal practice?
• A proton magnetometer is associated with which method of archaeology?
• What does Egyptology study?
• What is the primary language family of the Olmec civilization?
• Which of the following best describes the approach of functionalism in sociology?
• Which term refers to things that all people do the same way, such as language?
• Where did European farming spread from during the Neolithic period?
• Which anthropologist documented American Indian cultures in the 1880s?
• What defines a state in terms of its political organization?
• What is one of the main goals of international development?
• What is Homo Erectus commonly known as?
• What aspect of culture includes shared values and norms within a society?
• What type of ownership is characterized by shared resources such as pastures, forests, and sacred grounds?
• Which type of early human is associated with the time period between 40,000 to 8000 B.C. and found in France?
• Which model of economics argues the importance of social structures in economic interactions?
• What is an example of a clan?
• What does the theory of organic evolution propose?
• What was created by repeated pecking at grindstones, resulting in a perforated edge?
• What is the practice of marrying outside one's tribe or group called?
• Which dating method is typically used to date items that are millions of years old?
• Which statement best describes the characteristics of chiefdoms?
• What does diffusion in anthropology refer to?
• Which term describes a complex element of communication that represents ideas or groups?
• Armchair anthropologists primarily relied on what for their research?
• Which early civilization's intellectual pursuits included law, education, and economy?
• What is one of the key characteristics of the Mesolithic period?
• What is the primary focus of cultural anthropology?
• Which term describes relatives through marriage?
• Which part of Europe became farming societies after 3000 BC?
• What phenomenon describes the exchange of goods and services between two parties?
• What distinguishes the study of archaeology from other subfields of anthropology?
• What is the purpose of Yanomamo feasting rituals?
• Which of the following thinkers is related to linguistics among the listed figures?
• In a feudal system, who was the entity that owned the land?
• Which civilization is characterized by its practices in human sacrifice and the worship of war gods?
• What is the term for the movement of genes from one population's gene pool to another due to reproduction?
• What distinctive feature does the sharp edge technology provide when grinding red ochre?
• What term describes the genetic makeup of an organism indicated by its alleles?
• Which notable contribution is Petrie known for in the field of archaeology?
• What defines the genus Homo?
• Which perspective allows for comparative research in anthropology?
• Which of the following environments do old world monkeys primarily inhabit?
• What does formal economics emphasize in its analysis?
• Which anthropologist focused on the formation of personalities within cultures?
• Which significant archaeological site is known as the "cradle of mankind"?
• Which family is known for their excavations at Olduvai Gorge?
• What does industrialization typically indicate about population movement?
• In kinship, which bond is mainly recognized by law or custom?
• What are the Dead Sea Scrolls?
• What is the Nistri periscope?
• In terms of cultural influence, the Mixtec people are best known for their contributions to what?
• What is the primary purpose of a Shaman in primitive societies?
• In what realm of anthropology did Emile Durkheim primarily contribute?
• What is a defining characteristic of old world monkeys as opposed to new world monkeys?
• What term refers to dating methods that provide a relative age to artifacts without using exact dates?
• Which characteristic describes the Assyrian Empire during its height?
• Which human ancestors are linked to the earliest stone tool use?
• What is the purpose of social impact assessment?
• Who is known as the Father of Modern Anthropology?
• Fieldwork in archaeology involves what?
• Which primate subdivision is characterized by prehensile tails and tree-dwelling habits?
• Which region is associated with the Sumerians who are known for their advanced technology and economic systems?
• Which dating method uses the radioactive decay of elements to determine the age of an item?
• Which phase of a ritual represents a state of transition or 'limbo'?
• Which of the following is NOT a focus of linguistics?
• In which economic practice is wealth displayed for social prestige?
• Which branch of linguistics studies the formation of grammatical sentences?
• What does the term 'class' refer to in sociological contexts?
• In genetics, what is the term for the specific combination of alleles present in an individual?
• What process refers to the physical exchange of chromosome parts during reproduction?
• What is the role of "Culture" as defined in the context of these ancient civilizations?
• Which process involves gene flow occurring due to the actual migration of populations?
• Which of the following is an aspect of intervention anthropology?
• What term refers to differences in genes among species or individuals within the same species?
• In which context is the term "White Man's Burden" often referenced?
• What aspect of language does morphology specifically examine?
• What role does legitimacy play in political structures according to the document?
• What area does the geosphere encompass?
• Which anthropologist is associated with the preservation of Indian tribal culture through salvage ethnography?
• Which ancient people are known for the development and use of cuneiform writing?
• Which era is characterized by the use of hand-axes and chopper tools?
• Which term refers to the practice of having multiple spouses at the same time?
• Where did the cultivation of wheat, barley, and flax begin?
• Which term refers to the essential frameworks of relationships that build cultural systems?
• Which tool industry is associated with Homo erectus during the Lower Paleo period?
• Which process creates new combinations of genes on chromosomes?
• What is the primary characteristic of affinal kin?
• What does "gens" refer to in ancient Roman society?
• What type of artifacts are associated with the Upper Paleo period's artistic traditions?
• What era of human history is identified with the creation of flood control plans?
• What is the specific application of carbon-14 dating?
• Which characteristics describe non-warlike people?
• What is a characteristic feature of individuals in a 'band' society?
• What does ideal culture represent?
• Market exchange typically involves which of the following?
• What is a necessary characteristic of hominoids?
• Which civilization is known for its sun gods, civil sacrifice, and caste system?
• Which civilization is noted for their pyramids and reptilian gods?
• How is religion characterized in the context of cultural anthropology?
• What region did Homo erectus migrate to from Africa?
• What does modernization typically involve according to anthropological studies?
• What belief is associated with animism?
• What significant innovation is attributed to the Neolithic period?
• What is the role of a “totem” in animistic beliefs?
• What kinship system involves a system of descent that is traced through fathers?
• What development marked the transition from hunting and gathering to food production?
• Which type of descent refers to groups that only trace lineage through either the mother or father?
• Phonology investigates which of the following?
• What is cultural relativism?
• Phonetics is best defined as the study of what aspect of language?
• What is the term for a kinship system which involves only two clans or groups?
• What best describes the impact of agricultural development on social stratification?
• Which of the following is an example of a 'rite of passage'?
• Which thinker is associated with social stratification?
• Which anthropologist emphasized the role of anthropology as a "Policy Science"?
• What is a characteristic of myths in cultural contexts?
• What type of research is characterized by the collection of numerical data?
• What characterizes the political order in bands and tribes?
• What is the main goal of the excavation process in archaeology?
• Which anthropologist is known for rigorous fieldwork methods including participant observation?
• What does anthropometry primarily focus on?
• What is the relationship between ownership and land in industrialized societies?
• What characterizes tributary production in non-industrial societies?
• What significant technological advancement is associated with the Hittites?
• During the incorporation phase of a ritual, what typically occurs?
• Which anthropologist is noted for exploring cross-cultural values?
• In which culture is divorce discouraged but still allowed up to three times?
• What does the term 'vestige' refer to in cultural practices?
• Mary Douglas Leakey is best known for her discoveries in which field?
• How might indigenous rituals differ from modern religious practices?
• Who recorded folktales of blacks in North America and the West Indies?
• In the context of symbols, what is a “condensed symbol”?
• What concept involves the belief that cultures evolve through various stages?
• Which of the following best describes hypertrophic horticulture?
• Which anthropologist spent two years on the Trobriand Islands during WWI?
• What drove the intellectual flourishing of the Hebrews around 1200BC?
• What aspect of international development is often targeted for improvement?
• What was a key focus of Malinowski’s research methodology?
• What is the most common form of family structure in the United States?
• What is a common feature of anthropoids?
• What age range do boys participate in the Poy Tang Lon ritual in Burma?
• What does polyandry specifically refer to in the context of marriage systems?
• A tribe is commonly associated with which type of societal organization?
• Which ancient farming village is noted for its significance in Turkey's history during the Neolithic period?
• Which type of society is most commonly thought to engage in warfare?
• Which period is characterized by the development of bronze as a replacement for stone tools and weapons?
• What does the term "Dokimasi" refer to in cultural rituals?
• What is the primary belief associated with Cargo Cults?
• In geology, what does the principle of superposition state?
• Mendel's third principle of genetics involves what concept?
• What is meant by the term "family of orientation"?
• In Hispanic culture, which event is commonly celebrated when a girl turns 15?
• What distinguishes "cognatic descent"?
• What is the term for a man marrying the widow of his deceased brother?
• Which type of anthropology is Geertz most known for?
• What language group do the KhoiKhoi primarily belong to?
• What system allows a man to marry multiple wives, particularly within Muslim cultures?
• Which of the following represents a common element found in rituals?
• What skeletal remains were discovered at Zhoukoudian, near Peking, China, in the late 1930s?
• How is the biosphere defined in anthropology?
• Which method of dating is particularly effective within the range of up to 50,000 years?
• Which subfield of anthropology deals with human activity through material remains?
• Which civilization is known for integrating animals like donkeys and cats into their religious beliefs during the Neolithic period?
• What category of primates is characterized by a hooked nose and includes large mammals that are primarily ground dwellers?
• What does diffusion refer to in cultural terms?
• Which family type consists of a married couple and their biological, adoptive, or foster children?
• What does Social Darwinism justify in the context of human societies?
• Which concept relates to the survival and reproduction of the fittest within a species?
• What does the term 'Egyptian diffusion' refer to in cultural contexts?
• Which of the following best describes ethnography?
• What is one characteristic of hominids?
• In anthropological terms, a 'band' typically refers to what kind of social structure?
• What is an example of individual peculiarities?
• Who proposed the idea that survival symbols reflect earlier customs in rituals?
• What is a Ziggurat primarily associated with in ancient Mesopotamian cities?
• What is the ultimate goal of performing rituals in cargo cults?
• Which marital structure is recognized across all cultures but is strictly followed by only 20% of societies?
• What form of government was established by the Hittites, Assyrians, Babylonians, and Israelites?
• According to Ralph Lynton, what does culture encompass?
• Which of the following statements about divorce is true?
• Who is known for their writings on how natives think and mystic participation?
• What feature of old world monkeys is typically not found in their anatomy?
• What common quality do kinship relationships share?
• Where did the world's first cities appear?
• Which of the following best defines specialties in culture?
• Which social structure frequently consists of multiple descent groups without formal government?
• What was the significance of polished stone tools in the Neolithic period?
• What term describes the flat/broad-nosed primates commonly found in South America?
• What advancement is Homo Erectus known for?
• What does linguistics focus on in its study?
• What characterizes a 'caste' system?
• What is significant about Australopithecus?
• What are the primary components used to produce bronze during the Bronze Age?
• Which anthropologist was a student of Boas and contributed to the understanding of archeo/anthropology?
• In the context of Morgan's stages, what does 'civilization' signify?
• What does a cohesive set of myths in a belief system create?
• What does DNA stand for?
• Which technology spread to the Indus River Valley around 5000 BC?
• Structuralism in anthropology is primarily associated with which theorist?
• In terms of economic exchange, what is barter an example of?
• What central idea does the concept of functionalism in anthropology promote?
• What does policy research primarily involve?
• What is the second stage in the cultural evolution theory proposed by Morgan?
• Classical archaeology primarily focuses on which ancient civilizations?
• In P. Teilhard de Chardin's concept, what does the noosphere represent?
• What role do nitrogenous bases play in DNA?
• How can social class be manifested according to Haviland?
• Which subfield of linguistics deals with the rules regulating word structure?
• What characterizes the 'barbarism' stage in Morgan's theory?
• What marked the transition from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural societies during the Neolithic period?
• In reciprocity, what type of exchange is considered characteristic?
• What defines a matrilineal clan?
• Which term describes the sharing of cultural elements across different societies?
• Which South American culture is known for its advanced architecture and was prominent in the Andes region?
• What is a key difference between warlike and non-warlike societies regarding their subsistence methods?
• What does the term "phenotype" refer to in genetics?
• Which method primarily defines ethnography in cultural studies?
• What term refers to the practice of marrying within one’s own tribe or group?
• What is the process called when chromosomes physically exchange parts?
• Which mechanism of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, leads to the survival of organisms best suited to their environment?
• What best describes negative reciprocity?
• What is geophysical prospecting?
• What term describes the children of a parent's siblings of the opposite sex?
• Stimulus diffusion primarily involves the spread of what?
• Ralph Lynton's concepts on culture emphasize the importance of which aspect?
• What agricultural products were first cultivated in the Yellow River Valley?
• What is meant by 'cultural relativism' in the context of anthropology?
• What significant contribution did Franz Boas make to the field of anthropology?
• What does potlatch involve?
• What involves identifying the impact of federal development on historical buildings?
• Which anthropologist is associated with the concept of reciprocity and the gift economy?
• What defines a "referential symbol" according to anthropological studies?
• What is the primary focus of substantial economic practice?
• What concept describes the foundational relationships in kinship according to Levi-Strauss?
• Which nitrogenous bases are part of the genetic code?
• What is meant by 'status' in sociological terms?
• In anthropological studies, what does 'etic' perspective enable researchers to do?
• According to Mendel's first principle of genetics, what can be said about the sex cells of a plant or animal?
• Which scenario illustrates the concept of ethnocentrism?
• What term describes the holistic study of humanity in anthropology?
• Which of the following animals is the closest living relative to modern humans?
• Who is recognized for their contributions to structural-functionalism and the study of primitive societies?
• What did WG Rivers contribute to anthropology?
• Which group diverged 30 million years ago from monkeys and includes ancestors to modern gorillas and humans?
• In the Yanomamo society, how are women typically viewed?
• What term is used for any agent that can cause a genetic mutation?
• What does absolute time typically measure?
• What does ethnocentrism refer to in social evaluation?
• Which political structure is considered a transitional form between tribe and state?
• What defines the responsibilities linked to a specific social position?
• What role does technology development research play in anthropology?
• Which anthropologist is known for his work in structuralism and studied the Amazon tribe?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of the Aborigine culture in Australia?
• What is a characteristic of the Neanderthals in terms of their physical abilities?
• Which group of animals includes lemurs, monkeys, apes, and humans?
• In hunter-gatherer societies, the unit of production is equal to what?
• What term refers to a group of sexually reproducing individuals of the same species that share a common gene pool?
• What does the concept of 'status' emphasize in social interactions?
• What is a chiefdom in anthropological terms?
• In production within industrial societies, what primarily dictates specialization?
• What is the defining characteristic of balanced reciprocity?
• Which primates are classified under the subdivision known as prosimians?
• What concept does modernity often rely on according to anthropological perspectives?
• What defines a 'rite of passage' in cultural practices?
• Who discovered the Australopithecus skull in 1959?
• Which example best illustrates cultural diffusion?
• What are small segments of DNA that code for proteins and determine traits called?
• Which feature describes a basic trait of primates with opposable thumbs?
• A group consisting of three or more kinship groups that are treated as a single unit is known as what?
• What does genetic recombination involve?
• Which of the following describes Homo Habilis?
• What is a definitive trait of states in comparison to bands and tribes?
• What best describes the function of evaluation research in projects?
• What is the primary characteristic of horticulture?
• What period is commonly referred to as the "Old Stone Age"?
• What was the key to the philosophical shift represented by the Greeks?
• What is the first phase of a ritual as described in various cultures?
• How are individual peculiarities defined in the context of culture?
• How does the concept of prestige relate to redistribution?
• Which theory emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and behavior patterns?
• What was the primary intellectual development of the Hebrews that contributed to their cultural significance?
• What is the term for random changes in allele frequencies in small populations?
• Which type of anthropology focuses specifically on action, research, and advocacy?
• What was the result of the Assyrian Empire's internal revolutions and defeats in 612BC?
• What describes the emic perspective in anthropology?
• Which theory suggests that language influences the way we perceive the world?
• What is the core subject of cultural ecology?
• What does evaluation research assess?
• What is the primary basis for political legitimacy in a society?
• What is the primary focus of ethnology within anthropology?
• Who was the German archaeologist known for discovering the site of Troy?
• Structural-functional theory views society as what type of system?
• What is a key concept of cargo cults in Melanesia?
• What characteristic is commonly associated with primates?
• What was the dominant form of human subsistence for 99% of human history?
• Which civilization is noted for beginning farming around 9-7k BC?
• Which field of anthropology studies biological evolution and genetic inheritance?
• What is pragmatics concerned with in language use?
• What does a sanction typically refer to in a societal context?
• What is the brain capacity of Homo Habilis?
• Which concept describes the collective stories that give depth and meaning to a culture?
• According to Lewis Henry Morgan, which stage comes first in cultural evolution?
• Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base?
• In which scenario might a person experience unilineal descent?
• Who first used anthropology in the administration of British colonies in Nigeria?
• What is the meaning of "kindred"?
• Which artifact is commonly associated with the Neolithic period?
• What does the concept of “mana” refer to in certain cultures?
• At what site was Homo Habilis notably found?
• What term describes the process by which a living organism adjusts to its environment?
• What encompasses the total sum of genes carried by the members of a population?
• What is defined as a social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption?
• Which characteristic is associated with the savagery stage according to Morgan?
• What evolutionary process allowed Homo erectus to migrate to other continents?
• What is the main cultural unit associated with the Huastec people?
• What is the main requirement for redistribution in an economic system?
• Which early anthropologist focused on the concepts of decent and kinship based on structuralism?
• What do revitalization movements aim to achieve?
• During which period did the development of more complex and specialized tools occur?
• Which of the following best defines applied anthropology?
• Which time period does the field of Egyptology focus on?
• Magnetic prospecting is primarily designed to detect what?
• Which group is associated with the practice of potlatch?
• What does the term 'mutation' most directly refer to?
• How are social movements related to revitalization in cultural contexts?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a caste?
• Which of the following characteristics is associated with Neanderthals?
• What role do rituals typically play in cultures?
• What is an allele?
• What is the main feature distinguishing qualitative research from quantitative research?
• Which anthropologist is associated with cultural ecology?
• Which of the following would NOT typically be a feature of a tribe?
• What effect can genetic drift have predominantly in?
• Which work is James George Frazer known for?